Further research is required to elucidate the mechanisms by which leptin can influence the etiology of premenopausal breast cancer; interventions to lower CRP and increase adiponectin levels might help reduce the risk of developing postmenopausal breast cancer, while interventions to lower TNF-α and IL-6 levels might help reduce the risk of developing premenopausal breast cancer. The gene discussed is CRP; the disease is breast carcinoma.