The identification of the EGFR/COX-2/Nodal axis as an IBC CSC regulator therefore provides a potential avenue of developing a combination approach that augments the efficacy of EGFR targeted therapy by targeting not only EGFR but also inflammation and CSC-related molecules in IBC, which might eventually lead to more impactful anti-EGFR clinical trials for patients with IBC. Here, PTGS2 is linked to inflammatory breast carcinoma.