Other studies have demonstrated that PinX1 expression was upregulated in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) as well as cervical squamous cell carcinomas (CSCC) tissue, suggesting that abnormal PinX1 gene regulation and/or protein functions in tumorigenesis are complicated and are likely be tumor-type-specific [15]. This evidence concerns the gene PINX1 and skin squamous cell carcinoma.