CDH1 and in situ carcinoma: As illustrated in Table 3, reduced E-cadherin expression was significantly correlated with pathological T stage (T2–4 vs. Ta-1: risk ratio [RR] = 2.14; 95% CI: 1.70–2.71; p < 0.001), metastasis (yes vs. no: RR = 1.68; 95% CI: 1.17–2.40; p = 0.004), Grade (3 vs. 1/2: RR = 1.58; 95% CI: 1.29–1.93; p < 0.001), and carcinoma in situ (yes vs. no: RR = 1.68; 95% CI: 1.09–2.58; p = 0.018).