MALAT1 and cancer: lncRNAs are non-coding RNA transcripts that exceed 200 nucleotides in length and accumulating evidence shows that altered lncRNA expression contributes to human tumorigenesis [12], e.g., metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), a large, infrequently spliced non-coding RNA, is aberrantly expressed in various cancers [13].