In the present study it is shown that annexins A1, A2 and A6 are significantly upregulated in MO-EVs when compared with NMO-EVs, contributing to an inner nucleational core that is, at least in part, likely to be responsible for the delivery and propagation of mineral within the surrounding matrix of hBMSC cultures44,45. The gene discussed is ANXA1; the disease is neuromyelitis optica.