Since our initial observations were published, DEPDC5 mutations have emerged as a major cause of inherited focal epilepsy, with mutations also reported in cases of autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (ADNFLE), familial temporal lobe epilepsy (FTLE), benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS) and other small families and individuals with focal epilepsy2,3. The gene discussed is DEPDC5; the disease is focal epilepsy.