Growth hormone and IGF-1, as well as stature, have been related to cancer incidence on the basis of numerous in vitro, in vivo and epidemiological studies.79–81 Severe GH resistance in the syndrome of Laron dwarfism produces a remarkable degree of protection from cancer.82 Neoplastic disease may have little if any influence on aging, but it has an obvious and major impact on longevity. The gene discussed is IGF1; the disease is cancer.