VEGFA and kidney disorder: For example, growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), which are significantly increased during kidney diseases, can further promote the proliferation, migration, adhesion, and differentiation of adipose mesenchymal stem cells, endothelial cells, and residual tubular epithelial cells to promote tissue repair [16, 50].