CCAT2 and cancer: CCAT2 has also been reported to be over-expressed in multiple types of cancer including CRC, breast [24, 25], lung [26], esophageal squamous cell carcinoma [27], gastric cancers [28], and to promote tumor growth and metastasis [19, 26] while causing a reduced sensitivity to chemotherapy [25], a property related to cancer stem cells (CSCs) [29, 30].