VEGFA and neoplasm: Prominent examples of recent applications of replicator equations in cancer are concerned with the avoidance of the tragedy of the commons, where a sub-population of tumour cells produces a ‘tumour public good’ in form of an insulin-like growth factor [23], in form of glycolytic acid and vascular endothelial growth factor [24], or modelling the dynamic equilibrium between lactate respiration and glycolysis in tumour cells [25].