Interestingly, the potent inflammation-inducing agent dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in the absence of Helicobacter does not induce colon cancer in the Tgfb1−/−Rag2−/− model (21) and induces only a few late-onset tumors in the Smad3−/− model (19). The gene discussed is SMAD3; the disease is malignant colon neoplasm.