One previous study reported that up to 25% of patients with either type 1 or type 2 diabetes exhibit reduced renal function under conditions of a normal albumin excretion rate (AER; <20 μg/min) [16], and subsequent studies have supported the dissociation between a decreased GFR and increased albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes [17–19]. The gene discussed is ALB; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.