We have also studied the effects of 1% E industrial TFA supplementation on serum cholesterol levels in healthy adults with different obesity-related gene polymorphisms and observed little effect on serum cholesterol levels, regardless of genotype (here, the single nucleotide polymorphism) of fat mass- and obesity-associated gene or beta-3 adrenergic receptor (unpubl. Here, ADRB3 is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.