CTBP1 and breast cancer: To investigate whether or not the ZNF516–CtBP/LSD1/CoREST complex regulates the invasive potential of breast cancer cells in vitro, we first measured the expression of epithelial/mesenchymal markers by western blotting in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, as epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a hallmark of cancer and an early event in cell invasion/cancer metastasis49.