In this study, we investigate first, whether Aβ treatment can induce the change of PGC-1α expression in neuroblastoma cell line; second, whether PGC-1α can protect neuroblastoma cells from Aβ-induced neuronal death and neuroinflammation; and third, whether the neuroprotective characteristic of PGC-1α to Aβ is mediated by the NF-κB pathway. This evidence concerns the gene PPARGC1A and neuroblastoma.