The dysregulated activation of NF-κB via toll-like receptors (TLRs) may be a result of NOD2 ((Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2; synonymous to CARD 15-Caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 15; or inflammatory bowel disease protein 1 (IBD1)) gene mutation, which is highly correlated, with pathogenesis of IBD. This evidence concerns the gene NOD2 and inflammatory bowel disease.