The target genes of miR-144-3p include pre-leukemia transcription factor 3 (PBX3) in gastric cancer, zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 and 2 (ZEB1 and ZEB2) in thyroid cancer, mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 (MAP3K8) in renal carcinoma, glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) in lung cancer and ROCK1/ROCK2 and TAGLN in osteosarcoma [20, 25, 54, 57–60]. Here, PBX3 is linked to renal carcinoma.