CXCL12 and ovarian carcinoma: Dysregulated expression of the chemokine ligand SDF-1 (stromal derived factor-1, or CXCL12), or its cognate receptor CXCR4 (C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4), is associated with higher grades and poorer prognosis in various human cancers, including ovarian carcinomas [3].