NFKB1 and infection: Upon ectopic expression, K15 has been shown to activate the PLCγ1-calcineurin-NFAT, MAP-Kinase as well as the NF-κB pathways (Fig 3A) [45, 47, 48, 50], which are crucial both during KSHV primary infection as well as during its reactivation from latency (see Introduction).