A recent report has shown that silencing Nrp1 diminished TGFβ signaling in pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells, but also inhibited TGFβ1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation in endothelial cells (HUVECs) and blocked endothelial to mesenchymal transition and fibrosis [42]. This evidence concerns the gene SMAD2 and pancreatic adenocarcinoma.