A common observation of defective IL-12–IFNγ production in B. pseudomallei-, M. tuberculosis- and hvKP-infected type 2 DM PBMCs is the increased susceptibility of diabetic individuals in developing melioidosis, tuberculosis, KLA, and possibly KLA-associated complications (Fung et al., 2002; Cheng and Currie, 2005; Leung et al., 2008; Gan, 2013). Here, KL is linked to tuberculosis.