The most recent study on this subject is a randomized controlled trial in 231 critically ill patients with AKI (KDIGO stage 2: with ≥ 2-fold increase in serum creatinine from baseline or urinary output < 0.5 mL/kg/h for ≥ 12 h) and plasma NGAL level higher than 150 ng/mL. The gene discussed is LCN2; the disease is acute kidney injury.