Furthermore, many previous studies have demonstrated significant genetic relationships between HHIP loci and the FEV1/FVC% such as in the GWAS of the Framingham Heart Study population [7], the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology and SpiroMeta consortia [5, 42], Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate Endpoints (ECLIPSE), and International COPD Genetics Network (ICGN) subjects [43]. This evidence concerns the gene HHIP and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.