PAX6 and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: As expected, the expressions of differentiation markers (AFP, CK18, TBX1, MSX1, MAP1, SOX1 and PAX6) in EB differentiated cells were increased compared to that of in ADPKD-iPSCs while the expressions of pluripotency markers (endo-NANOG and endo-OCT4) were decreased (Fig. 3b).