HPSE and neoplasm: Additionally, IL-1 may enhance the invasiveness of already existing tumor cells by the induction of inflammatory molecules, such as matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), heparanase, chemokines, and integrins on the malignant cells and endothelial cells, or by switching on the angiogenesis leading to tumor dissemination and metastasis.