Although primary immunodeficiencies with impairment of interleukin 17 (IL-17) immunity traditionally present with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis and have not been considered to confer increased risk of IFD [134], there are case reports of IC in such patients, including Candida endocarditis in a child with hyper-IgE syndrome [135] and meningoencephalitis due to Candida in children and adults with previously unrecognized CARD9 deficiency [136–138]. Here, IL17A is linked to chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis.