TNF and type 2 diabetes mellitus: The serum levels of the following biomarkers showed significant positive correlation with elevated TMAO levels in T2DM-CKD patients: IL-6 (T2DM-CKD: r = 0.47, p = 0.036; healthy subjects: r = 0.17, p = 0.492), TNFα (T2DM-CKD: r = 0.45, p = 0.047; healthy subjects: r = 0.0153, p =0.614 ), ET-1 (T2DM-CKD: r = 0.551, p = 0.012; healthy subjects: r = 0.28, p = 0.08), Zo (T2DM-CKD: r = 0.524, p = 0.018; healthy subjects: r = 0.25, p = 0.3) and LPS (T2DM-CKD: r = 0.456, p = 0.04; healthy subjects: r = 0.038, p = 0.88).