A statistically significant upregulation of NOX4 in patient-matched tumor samples compared with normal samples was found in HNSCC, EAC, and colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) (Figure 3A), and similar upregulation was also found in breast carcinoma (BRCA) and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD; paired two-sided t test P < .001 for all). This evidence concerns the gene NOX4 and invasive breast carcinoma.