The PAV(high) microbeads significantly enhanced the secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6), pro-inflammatory chemokines (IL-8, MIP-1α and MCP-1) and growth factors (VEGF and HGF), while the additional coating with CHC reduced the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines in consistent with the complement activation and the CD11b expression profiles. Here, IL6 is linked to cryohydrocytosis.