ECM1 and central nervous system cancer: The TGF-Beta signaling hallmark gene set was significantly enriched (p = 6e-3, FDR q = 2.7e-2) with genes having high risk scores including RHOA, TGFB1, TGFBR1, SERPINE1, JUNB1 and ARID4B. The Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition gene set was also significantly enriched (p = 1.6e-1, FDR q = 1.55e-1) with genes having high risk scores including MMP1/2/3, IL6, ECM1, and VCAM1. TGF-Beta signaling is understood to be one of the main pathways involved in EMT, and our results support the importance of EMT in determining glioma patient outcomes.