INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: In line with this physiological pathway, individuals with acceptable insulin function who follow low-carbohydrate diets theoretically should experience ketonemia without acidemia, illness or any metabolic complication [23, 24].Indeed, some previous studies have determined that the production of ketone bodies during a VLCK-diet suggests that the diet-induced ketonemia is a well-tolerated process [25–27], even in type 2 diabetic patients [28].