TNF and arthritic joint disease: Freunds’ complete adjuvant induced arthritis assessment relies on the premise that high levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and interleukin-1 (IL-1), lead to inflammation and bone erosion by inducing cartilage degeneration and osteoclast differentiation, resulting in the emergence of arthritis (Niki et al., 2004).