MTOR and cancer: A growing body of evidence has revealed both pro- and antitumor role of autophagy in cancer and its therapy.22, 23 Many compounds that trigger this biologic response are considered as promising candidates, as exemplified by mTOR inhibitors.24 By contrast, there are numerous examples of how autophagy is related to tumor protective effects.25, 26 Drugs like CQ are currently used deliberately to inhibit autophagy in ongoing clinical trials.