While its relevance to the end pathology of MWCNT-driven lung fibrosis in mice is not known at present, similar findings of increased BALF protein was also reported by Huaux et al. in IL-1R1, IL-1α or Myd88 deficient mice but not in IL-1β or ASC deficient mice exposed to silica particles [57]. This evidence concerns the gene MYD88 and pulmonary fibrosis.