CD4 and AIDS: CD4+ T-lymphocyte (CD4) counts and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA measurements (viral load [VL]) are the most important prognostic markers for disease progression and recovery after starting combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) in people living with HIV (PLWH) [1–4]; most AIDS-related deaths occur in patients with CD4 count <350 cells/μL [5].