Overproduction of inflammatory mediators such as NF-κB, TNF-α, COX-II, and NO produced by macrophages, neutrophils, and other immune cells is very much involved in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases, for example, atherosclerosis, arthritis, type 2 diabetes, and cancer [47–49]. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.