HMOX1 and susceptibility to pneumonia measurement: Consistent with our previous studies regarding the role of IFNγ in neutrophils during S. pneumoniae pneumonia30, we confirmed upregulation of the IFN-γ responsive genes Nos2 and Cxcl9. The Nrf2 target genes Nqo1 and Hmox1 were also verified by RT-qPCR (Supplementary Table 2).