CHSY1 and Syndrome with brachydactyly: Li and coworkers showed that in developing zebrafish, both loss and gain of CHSY1 gene function lead to defects similar to those in human patients with temtamy preaxial brachydactyly syndrome, such as reduced body length, compromised formation of the pectoral fin, severe midline deficiencies in the cartilage of the neurocranium and compromised formation of the epithelial protrusions and semicircular canals in the inner ear (74).