1,25(OH)2D shows beneficial anti-inflammatory actions in several cancers through key mechanisms including the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis (by suppressing cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) expression) and prostaglandin signaling (by upregulating the expression of the catabolic enzyme and repressing the expression of prostaglandin receptors), suppressing p38 stress kinase signaling and subsequent inhibition of the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the inhibition of NF-κB signaling [52,53]. The gene discussed is PTGS2; the disease is cancer.