It was recently reported that FLT3-ITD is associated with a distinct gene expression profile, the specific signature being defined as those genes expressed at least one log2-fold higher in FLT3-ITD AML compared to CD34+ peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC), excluding those genes linked to mature myeloid differentiation that are expressed in CD14+ bone marrow cells at a level twice as high in PBSC10. The gene discussed is FLT3; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.