An elevated proportion CD161+CD4+ T cells in the cervical compartment during the luteal phase was however identified (size effect adjusted for age: 3.9%, P = 0.05) (Fig. 3a), implying that hormonal regulation may have more impact on the recruitment of CD161+CD4+ T cells in the genital compartment than bacterial infection. The gene discussed is KLRB1; the disease is bacterial infectious disease.