We did not observe increased liver Hamp1 mRNA expression in the earlier phases of infection (Fig. 3C) despite evidence of inflammation (Fig. 3D, increased Saa1), likely because of signals that suppress hepcidin arising as anemia develops (for example, erythroferrone); indeed, as anemia becomes more severe, Hamp1 expression is strongly decreased. Here, HAMP is linked to anemia.