Meta-analysis has shown that individuals with ADH1B*1/*1 have a 2.77- and 2.35-fold increased risk of ESCC [18] and HNSCC [19], respectively, compared with carriers of the ADH1B*2 allele (ADH1B*1/*2 and ADH1B*2/*2). This evidence concerns the gene ADH1B and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.