SH2D1A and helminthiasis: It has previously been shown that SAP-deficient mice are unable to activate GC-B cell responses to protein antigens and Influenza virus, LCMV and helminth infections (Crotty et al., 2003; Cannons et al., 2006; Kamperschroer et al., 2006; Crotty et al., 2006; McCausland et al., 2007; Moyron-Quiroz et al., 2009; Yusuf et al., 2010; Morra et al., 2005).