INS and type 1 diabetes mellitus: Interestingly, NOD mice treated with BIBO3304 displayed a significant decrease in glucose levels (Placebo, 5.35 ± 0.11 mM; BIBO3304, 5.03 ± 0.09 mM; *P < 0.05), which is associated with a strong trend to increased insulin levels (Placebo, 73.31 ± 9.42 pM; BIBO3304, 103.2 ± 11.87 pM; P = 0.06), indicating that β-cells in a T1D environment are responsive to the inhibition of Y1 receptor signaling.