In order to understand if response to biologic therapy affected the results observed in circulating B cell subpopulations, B cell phenotype and B cell gene expression, we have analyzed RA patients before and after treatment with TNF-inhibitors and/ or tocilizumab based on whether the patients presented a low to moderate disease activity (DAS28<3.2) or high disease activity (DAS28>3.2) after treatment (Figs 11–14). This evidence concerns the gene TNF and rheumatoid arthritis.