We next investigated whether HIF1α-dependent glycolysis influences EC proliferation and inflammation because these processes are involved in the initiation of atherosclerosis at low shear regions.2–10 This was studied using cultured cells exposed to flow in vitro and 2 different measures of proliferation (PCNA [proliferating cell nuclear antigen] and Ki67 staining). This evidence concerns the gene HIF1A and atherosclerosis.