In this study, we detected the dynamic changes in the levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8), IL-10, soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), MIP-1α (CCL3), RANTES (CCL5), LIGHT (TNFSF14) and 19 other biochemical indices in serum from aGVHD patients and non-GVHD control subjects during the process of HSCT. This evidence concerns the gene CCL5 and graft versus host disease.