PIK3CA and cancer: In particular, two studies proposed a combination of defactinib with pembrolizumab (anti PD-1) with (NCT02546531) or without (NCT02758587) gemcitabine in advanced cancer; the phase 1 dose-escalation study NCT02372227 proposed the combination of defactinib with a dual PI3K/AKT inhibitor VS-5584; finally in the phase 1/2b NCT01778803 trial, defactinib is proposed in combination with paclitaxel, in ovarian cancer.